Optimum Design of Tunnels
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study is an application of optimization method to the structural design of tunnels, considering the total cost of the tunnels as an objective function with the properties of the tunnel and soil unit weight, height of soil above tunnel, height of water above tunnel and tunnel radius, as design variables. A computer program has been developed to solve numerical examples using the ACI code equations , requirements and criteria in concrete design. The results shown that the minimum total cost of the tunnel increases with the increase of the soil unit weight and tunnel radius, and decreases with the increase of the height of water above tunnel.
Metrics
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
THIS IS AN OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE UNDER THE CC BY LICENSE http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Plaudit
References
David Hutchinson, P”E. ” Application and Design of Segmental Precast Arches” , The Reinforced Earth Company,(1998).
Al-Jubori , A. M. , ” Optimum Design of Raft Foundations ,., M.Sc. Thesis ,Tikrit university , college of Engineering, civil Engineering Department (2001).
Kirsch, U., “Optimum Design of prestressed Beams”, computers and Structures, Vol.2, No.4, pp.573-583(l972) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(72)90009-0
Namman, A. E., “Optimum Design of prestressed concrete Tension Members”, ASCE, Vol.l08, No.8, pp. 1722-173g (1gg2).
Al-Jubair, H.s., “Economical Design of Ring Foundations”, Al-Mohandas,Vol. 120,No.4, pp.45 -54(1994).
Al-Douri , E .M. ,” Optimum Design of Rectangular Combined Footings” ,M.Sc. Thesis, Department of civil Engineering, Tikrit University (1999).
K. Ono, “Tunnel Fire and The Lining protection” , Kyoto University , Japan,(1995).
Bundy , B. D. , “Basic Optimization Methods” Eduard Arnold Publishers (1984).
ACI Committee 318-02,” Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete” , ACI, Detroit (2002).
John S. Shall, “Precast Concrete Oval Arch Storage Magazine”, The Reinforced Earth Company, (2004).
Richard M. J., P. E., “Design and Construction of Minneapolis-St Paul International Airport precast concrete Tunnel system”, PCI Journal, (2003).