Productivity Amelioration of Solar Water Distillator Linked with Salt Gradient Pond
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
There is a great need for fresh water in many developing countries. Water sources from, e.g., lakes; rivers and groundwater are often brackish or contain harmful bacteria and should therefore not be used for drinking or irrigation.
In this work a simple solar double sloped basin type still was connected to a solar salt gradient pond. The salinity-gradient solar pond is constructed in such a manner that the convective circulation in the pond is prohibited by making the bottom water much denser than the surface water. In doing so, the solar radiation absorbed in the deep water can be stored; the hot water from the salt pond was used to heat salt water in the stiller, at daylight and night.
The tests were conducted in September and October in autumn season in Baghdad city-Iraq in 2009. The results show development in stiller productivity at daylight and larger productivity increase at night. The stiller productivity increased also with cooling the glass cover from the still outside.
Metrics
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
THIS IS AN OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE UNDER THE CC BY LICENSE http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Plaudit
References
- Lindblom J, Condensation Irrigation Simulations of Heat and Mass Transfer, Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sweden, 2006.
- Tiwari G N, Comparison of Various Designs of Solar Stills, Desalination Journal, vol. 60, pp: 191-202, 1986. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-9164(86)90008-1
- Karlberg L, Irrigation with Saline Water using Low-Cost Drip-Irrigation Systems in Sub-Saharan
Africa, Doctoral Thesis, KTH publication TRITA-LWR PhD Thesis 1020, Stockholm, 2005.
- Kaldellis J K, kavadias K A and Kondili E, Renewable Energy Desalination Plant for Greek Islands- Technical and economic considerations, desalination Journal, vol. 170, pp: 187-203, 2004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2004.01.005
- Chaibi M.T and Jilar T, System Performance and Design of Roof-Integrated Desalination in Greenhouses. Proceedings at the ISES Solar World Congress, Gothenburg, 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2003.12.008
- Chafik E, A New Seawater Desalination Process using Solar Energy. Desalination journal, vol.153, pp: 25-37, 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0011-9164(02)01090-1
- Lindblom J, Nordell B, Condensation Irrigation - a System for Desalination and Irrigation, Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy and Environment (ICEE_03), 14-15 October 2003. Brack, Libya, 2003.
- Kalogirou S A, Sweeter Desalination using Renewable Energy Sources, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science Journal, vol. 31, pp: 242-281, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2005.03.001
- Lindblom J, Nordell B, Water Production by Underground Condensation of Humid Air, Desalination, vol. 189, pp: 248-260, 2006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2005.08.002
- Abaas Kh I, Distillation Enhancement using Solar Water Heater, MSc thesis, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq, 2006.
- Shehadi F H, Mesddi M and Baccar M, Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow in a Salt Gradient Pond, Lebanese Science Journal, vol. 8, No. 2, pp: 127-134, 2007.
- Carpenter J F, Pelletiers G and Lessard P, Reducing pollutant discharge into urban rivers by controlling the retention time in a storm water pond, Institute for environmental engineering conference, Carleton University, Canada, 2009.
- Hussain A K M, Solar energy utilization in Libya for sea water desalination, Proceeding at the ISES solar world congress, Gothenburg, 2003.
- Lovegrove K and Dennis M, Solar thermal energy systems in Australia, International journal of environmental studies, vol. 63, No. 6, pp: 791-802, 2006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00207230601047156
- Al-Dabaas M A, Computer simulation yearly or seasonally optimum salt gradient of pond in Jordan "dead sea", Australian journal of basic of basic and applied science, vol. 2, No. 4, pp: 1172-1185, 2008.
- Chaichan M T, Abaas Kh I and Hatem F F, Experimental study of water heating salt gradient solar pond performance in Iraq, Third international conference on industrial applications of energy systems (IAES'09) and World renewable energy network regional conference in collaboration with the research council (TRC), Sohar University, Oman, 2009.
- Weinberger H, The physics of the solar pond, solar energy, vol. 7, No. 2, 1963, pp: 45, 1963. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-092X(64)90046-5
- Lof G O G, 1960. Design and operating principles in solar distillation saline water (conversion), Adr. Chem. Serial No. 27, pp: 156 – 165, 1960. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ba-1960-0027.ch016
- Cooper P I, The maximum efficiency of single effect solar stills, solar Energy, vol. 15, pp: 205–217, 1973. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-092X(73)90085-6
- Sayigh A A M, Solar energy engineering, Academic press. New York, Ch. 20, pp: 431-464, 1977.